Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall, the Berliner Mauer, was the concrete barrier that cut West Berlin off from East Berlin and the German Democratic Republic from 13 August 1961 until 1989. It wasn’t just a line on a map: guard towers, wide controlled zones, anti-vehicle trenches, and even beds of nails made it part of a heavily defended system designed to stop East Germans from fleeing west. For 28 years, it became one of the clearest symbols of the Cold War’s division between East and West. What you encounter today is most famously the East Side Gallery on Mühlenstraße: a 1.3-kilometre surviving stretch, and the longest one left. In 1990, right after the Wall fell, 118 artists painted it, turning a former border into an open-air gallery. That change is part of the story too — a structure built to separate people became a canvas for the first months of reunified Berlin. …
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