St. Mary's Basilica
In the early 1220s, a Roman Catholic church at Kraków’s Main Market Square was founded on the orders of Bishop Iwo Odrowąż, as chronicler Jan Długosz reported. That first building was destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Poland, and the story did not end there: between 1290 and 1300 a new early Gothic church rose on the surviving foundations, later consecrated about twenty years afterward. By the 14th century, the church you associate with St. Mary’s—built in Brick Gothic form—stood around 80 metres (262 ft) tall and became known for three visual works of national renown: the wooden altarpiece carved by Veit Stoss, and monumental polychrome murals designed by Jan Matejko (1838–1893). In 1978, the basilica was included as part of UNESCO World Heritage recognition for Kraków’s Historic Centre. …
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