Castle & palace
Forte San Giovanni
Forte San Giovanni is a late 17th‑century fortress that stands as a concrete link between Finalborgo’s medieval past and the broader struggle for control of the Ligurian coast. The current fort, built between 1642 and 1643 to reinforce defenses against the Spanish, rises on the site of a mid‑15th‑century torre, whose octagonal core remains at the heart of the complex. The design came from Milanese engineer Francesco Prestino, and the fort’s early modernization continued under Spanish oversight from 1674 to 1678, when Gaspare Beretta directed upgrades that stitched a direct line to the surrounding borough and strengthened outer defenses. …
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