Panteão Nacional
The Panteão Nacional is first and foremost the Church of Santa Engrácia—rebuilt in Baroque form and later repurposed as Portugal’s National Pantheon for the burial of important Portuguese personalities. The story begins with an earlier sanctuary dedicated to Saint Engratia: Infanta Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu, sponsored a first church around 1568, and those structures collapsed in 1681. Construction of the current church began in the last quarter of the 17th century, from 1682 to 1712, with the design by João Antunes, a royal architect among Portugal’s key Baroque figures. The project was repeatedly altered by shifting priorities, including King John V’s diversion of resources to the Convent of Mafra, leaving the church unfinished for centuries. A dome was added, and it was reinaugurated in 1966—long after the building works had started. …
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