Marienplatz
Marienplatz—“Mary’s Square”—is the center of Munich’s city life, and it has been the city’s main square since 1158. In the Middle Ages, this space worked like a civic machine: markets and tournaments took place here under names you can still feel in the history, including Markth and Schranne, and later Schrannenplatz, the grain market square. That commercial rhythm changed in the nineteenth century. After the grain market moved into the newer glass-and-iron Schranne in 1853, the square took its present identity starting 9 October 1854, when it was renamed for the Mariensäule at its center. This column was erected in 1638 to mark the end of Swedish occupation during the Thirty Years’ War, after a vow by Duke Elector Maximilian I of Bavaria. The golden Virgin Mary figure atop it was created in 1590 and once stood in the Frauenkirche. …
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