Papyrus Collection
The Papyrus Collection of the Austrian National Library began as the private holdings of Archduke Rainer. In 1899, he gave that material to Emperor Franz Joseph I, and the collection has since grown into one of the world’s most significant archives for papyrology. Today it holds around 180,000 objects, tracing the history of Egypt from about 1500 BCE to 1500 CE across Ancient, Hellenistic, Roman, and even Egypt during Muslim rule. The collection’s survival is bound to a practical fact about papyrus: moisture ruins it, so most writings elsewhere have vanished, while Egypt’s harsh desert climate preserved many sheets for centuries. In 1999, a dedicated papyrus museum opened to show a portion of the holdings, supported by a specialist library of around 19,500 books and journals. …
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